38. Simple sentence. Extended, unextended, complete, incomplete. Division of sentences according to the subject and predicate meaning
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| 38. Simple sentence. Extended, unextended, complete, incomplete. Division of sentences according to the subject and predicate meaning A simple sentence includes a single subject and verb group. E.g. Last July was unusually hoi. Mary and John worked and studied together. A simple sentence may be unextended if it consists only of the main parts of the sentence the subject and the predicate. A sentence is extended if it includes some secondary parts (the attribute, the object, the adverbial modifier). Sentences are also subdivided into complete and incomplete: in complete sentences both the subject and the predicate are present; they are also called "two- member sentences". If only one principal member is expressed in the stricture of the sentence, the sentence is defined as incomplete; it is also called "one-member sentence", or "elliptical sentence". On the basis of subject meaning, sentences are divided into a) impersonal, e.g.: It drizzles; There is no use crying over spilt milk; and b) personal. Personal sentences are subdivided into a) human and b) non-human. Human sentences can be a) definite, e.g.: I know it, and b)indefinite, e.g.: One never knows such things for sure. Non-human sentences are subdivided into a) animate, e.g.: A cat entered the room; and b) inanimate, e.g.: The wind opened the door. On the basis of predicate meaning, sentences are divided into process featuring ("verbal") and substance featuring ("nominal"); process featuring sentences are further subdivided into actional, e.g.: I play ball; and statal, e.g.: I enjoy your party; substance featuring sentences are further subdivided into factual, e.g.: She is clever.; and perceptional, e.g.: She seems to be clever. |
